Integrand size = 24, antiderivative size = 119 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}} \, dx=-\frac {\sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}{2 a x^3}+\frac {3 b \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}{4 a^2 x^2}-\frac {\left (3 b^2-4 a c\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {x (2 a+b x)}{2 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}\right )}{8 a^{5/2}} \]
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Time = 0.09 (sec) , antiderivative size = 119, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 5, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.208, Rules used = {1943, 1965, 12, 1918, 212} \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}} \, dx=-\frac {\left (3 b^2-4 a c\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {x (2 a+b x)}{2 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}\right )}{8 a^{5/2}}+\frac {3 b \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}{4 a^2 x^2}-\frac {\sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}{2 a x^3} \]
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Rule 12
Rule 212
Rule 1918
Rule 1943
Rule 1965
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = -\frac {\sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}{2 a x^3}+\frac {\int \frac {-\frac {3 b}{2}-c x}{x \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}} \, dx}{2 a} \\ & = -\frac {\sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}{2 a x^3}+\frac {3 b \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}{4 a^2 x^2}-\frac {\int \frac {-\frac {3 b^2}{4}+a c}{\sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}} \, dx}{2 a^2} \\ & = -\frac {\sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}{2 a x^3}+\frac {3 b \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}{4 a^2 x^2}+\frac {\left (3 b^2-4 a c\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}} \, dx}{8 a^2} \\ & = -\frac {\sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}{2 a x^3}+\frac {3 b \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}{4 a^2 x^2}-\frac {\left (3 b^2-4 a c\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{4 a-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x (2 a+b x)}{\sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}\right )}{4 a^2} \\ & = -\frac {\sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}{2 a x^3}+\frac {3 b \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}{4 a^2 x^2}-\frac {\left (3 b^2-4 a c\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {x (2 a+b x)}{2 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}}\right )}{8 a^{5/2}} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 0.25 (sec) , antiderivative size = 111, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.93 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}} \, dx=\frac {-\sqrt {a} (2 a-3 b x) (a+x (b+c x))+\left (3 b^2-4 a c\right ) x^2 \sqrt {a+x (b+c x)} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c} x-\sqrt {a+x (b+c x)}}{\sqrt {a}}\right )}{4 a^{5/2} x \sqrt {x^2 (a+x (b+c x))}} \]
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Time = 0.14 (sec) , antiderivative size = 117, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.98
method | result | size |
risch | \(-\frac {\left (c \,x^{2}+b x +a \right ) \left (-3 b x +2 a \right )}{4 a^{2} x \sqrt {x^{2} \left (c \,x^{2}+b x +a \right )}}+\frac {\left (4 a c -3 b^{2}\right ) \ln \left (\frac {2 a +b x +2 \sqrt {a}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}}{x}\right ) x \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}}{8 a^{\frac {5}{2}} \sqrt {x^{2} \left (c \,x^{2}+b x +a \right )}}\) | \(117\) |
pseudoelliptic | \(\frac {4 \ln \left (\frac {2 a +b x +2 \sqrt {a}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}}{x \sqrt {a}}\right ) a c \,x^{2}-3 \ln \left (\frac {2 a +b x +2 \sqrt {a}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}}{x \sqrt {a}}\right ) b^{2} x^{2}-4 \ln \left (2\right ) a c \,x^{2}+3 \ln \left (2\right ) b^{2} x^{2}-4 a^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}+6 b x \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}\, \sqrt {a}}{8 a^{\frac {5}{2}} x^{2}}\) | \(144\) |
default | \(-\frac {\sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}\, \left (-6 a^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}\, b x -4 c \ln \left (\frac {2 a +b x +2 \sqrt {a}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}}{x}\right ) a^{2} x^{2}+3 \ln \left (\frac {2 a +b x +2 \sqrt {a}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}}{x}\right ) a \,b^{2} x^{2}+4 a^{\frac {5}{2}} \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}\right )}{8 x \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{3}+a \,x^{2}}\, a^{\frac {7}{2}}}\) | \(152\) |
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Time = 0.31 (sec) , antiderivative size = 232, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.95 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}} \, dx=\left [-\frac {{\left (3 \, b^{2} - 4 \, a c\right )} \sqrt {a} x^{3} \log \left (-\frac {8 \, a b x^{2} + {\left (b^{2} + 4 \, a c\right )} x^{3} + 8 \, a^{2} x + 4 \, \sqrt {c x^{4} + b x^{3} + a x^{2}} {\left (b x + 2 \, a\right )} \sqrt {a}}{x^{3}}\right ) - 4 \, \sqrt {c x^{4} + b x^{3} + a x^{2}} {\left (3 \, a b x - 2 \, a^{2}\right )}}{16 \, a^{3} x^{3}}, \frac {{\left (3 \, b^{2} - 4 \, a c\right )} \sqrt {-a} x^{3} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {c x^{4} + b x^{3} + a x^{2}} {\left (b x + 2 \, a\right )} \sqrt {-a}}{2 \, {\left (a c x^{3} + a b x^{2} + a^{2} x\right )}}\right ) + 2 \, \sqrt {c x^{4} + b x^{3} + a x^{2}} {\left (3 \, a b x - 2 \, a^{2}\right )}}{8 \, a^{3} x^{3}}\right ] \]
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\[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{x^{2} \sqrt {x^{2} \left (a + b x + c x^{2}\right )}}\, dx \]
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\[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{\sqrt {c x^{4} + b x^{3} + a x^{2}} x^{2}} \,d x } \]
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Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: TypeError} \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a x^2+b x^3+c x^4}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{x^2\,\sqrt {c\,x^4+b\,x^3+a\,x^2}} \,d x \]
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